Force-feed lubricating mechanism.



F L. WILLIAMS. FORCE FEED LUBRICATING MECHANI SM.

APPLICATION FlLED JUNE 10. 1916.

Fred A Williams F. L. WILLIAMS. FORCE FEE-D LUBRICATING MECHANISM. APPLICATION men mu: 10. 19.16.

1,258,967. Patented Mar. 12,1918. o 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

42 I IA 7 I. lmvm l INVENTOR \VITNESSES:

Amxxusrs F-YL. WILLIAMS. FORCE FEED LUBRIC'AHNG MECHANISM. APPLICATION man 111N510. 191s.

Patented Mar. 12,1913,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- illii il ii 2: INV ENTOR FredLn/izziams Amman:

, UNIflED STATES OFFICE.

- nane L. WILLIAMSQOE SAN r'na'ncrsoo, CALIFORNIA.

l Improvements in. Forced-Feed Lubricating'Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates toa force feed lubricating mechanism.

An object of the invention is to provide means for lubricating the pistons, the piston pins and the crank pins in high. compression, internal combustion engines, and particularly to provide a force feed mechanism which will deliveralubricant under pressure between the surfaces to be lubricated at' 'the time when they are subjected to the great'estpressure. Further objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combination of parts as"; hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, n which- 1:. i i' nre 1 is aside elevation of a gas en- J gine ,partly-. in section, showing the appli-.

cation of my invention.

Fig- 2 is a section on line- 2-2 of Fig. 1. p

Fig. 3 'isa section, similar to Fig. 1, showan -meansfor lubricating the crank and piss ton-' p-insrbf" i s piston and enter the combustion chamber.

Fig.= iis -a plan section of the piston shown in "Figvl, taken on a line above the lubricating mechanism mounted therein,

Fig. '5 ma Sl'de elevation of the connectingshown in Fig. 3.

Fi 'Gisa' detail, view,'partly in section, upper end of the connecting-rod shown 'in Fig. 1. It has long been known that ordinary drop feed oiling is unsatisfactory for modern high speed machinery. The first improve- Inent in'tlie fo' of bearings was the ring itte'd the use of the same Oi s w c i f oil over and gain inample quantities, .P ftiPUl3 T1Y; when app to Stationary bearings.

With theintroduction of high compression, internal combustion engines several lubricatingfdiflicultieswere usually encountered especia'llythe lubrication of the pistons, piston pins, connecting-rod bearings, etc. yoiling'the iston to-excess' it was found that oil won d sometimes pass the FORCE-FEED LUBBICATING MECHANISM.

Patented Mar. 12, 19.18.

in this manner not only wasting oil but also permitting the formation of carbon which causes unnecessary wear and deterioration of the cylinder and piston. The crank and piston pins. also-had a tendency to overheat as the high ressure caused by exploslon exerted caused a cracking of the oil film and consequently permitted overheating.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide means for overcoming these difliculties by means of force feed lubrication, and particularly to provide a lubricating mechanism which will deliver a lubricant under pressure between the pins and the connecting-rod bearings at certain timed intervals during each cycle of revolution and which will also deliver oil under pressure between the istons and cylinder walls at certain positlons of the piston during each reciprocation.

This is accomplished as follows: Referring to the drawin s in deta'il, and particularly Fig. 1, A indicates a gas engine cylin-t der; 2 the piston; 3 the iston in;4 the crank shaft; 5 the crankin; an 6 the rod connecting the piston wit the crank shaft. Suitably secured or formed integrally with the piston is a pair of cylinder members 7, and reciprocally mounted in each cylinder member is apiston 8 which is moved in one direction by means of a spring 9 and in the opposite direction by means of acam member 10 formed at each end of the upper con-,

necting rod bearing 11; The outer end of each piston member is provided with a head 12 to form a wearing surface between the cams 10 and the pistons 8. These cams are so shaped and positioned that the oscillating movement of the bearing 11, about the pin 3during each reciprocation, will force the piston members8 inwardly, wh le the In a like manner a second approximately right angles to the pocket 14.

'A check valve 16 is interposed-on each pipe and these check valves 16 serve the purpose of pump valves, or, in other Words,

permit circulation through the pump cylinile-ionly in one direction. The pump cylinder shownon the right-hand side of Fig. 1, indicated at 7, is connected at its inner end through a pipe'17 with a port 18 formed near the upper endlof the piston approximately opposite to "the port 15; asecond pipe 19, communicating with a pocket 20 formed in the exterior surface of the piston which is formed in alinement with, but above the pocket 14. The pipe 19 is connected at the oppositeend with; the inner end of the cylinder 7", and check valves 21 are provided onea ch pipe to prevent circulation through the pump except in .one direction. Also formed or secured on the upper end of the conncctingrod 6 is a unip cylinder The lower end of this cylinder is connected through a pi e 23 with a port Bl formed in the lower suitor the upper connecting rod bearing 11.

Asccond pipe 25, connected with the lower end of thecylinder, communicates with a strainer 26 an a1s0 with drain or" return pockets formed in the lower side of the i upper connecting rod bearing, said pockets drain pipe is a dri being similar to those shown at 27 in Fig. 6. A third pipe '28 connects with said drain pocket and secured on the lower end of said cup 29 which is continuously suppliedwith oil from a wipe feed 30 formed onthe end of a pipe 31which is connected witha suitable source of supply. The cylinder 22 is also provided with a piston member similar to those previously de scribed, said member being moved in one direction by a spring, as shown, and in the opposite direction "y ,a cam member 32 formed in theside of the piston wall.

The operation of the lubricating mechanism or the several force feed pumps. here shown will be as follows: Oil admitted between the'cylinder and piston in the usual manner is-ga'thered up by the upper and lower piston rings-and by the pockets 14 and 20 formed in the exterior surface of the pistoni The pump 7 is actuated by the cooperating cam 10 during each downward stroke of .t-he piston, andtheinward' movement of the'piston 8 will cause sufficient 1 pressure to operate the check valve 16 and which communicates with the port 15.

force the lubricant through the lower pipe A certain amountiqf oil is thus delivered un- -B P E-fissure between this side of thep'iston and the cylinder wall or between the con tacting surfaces of the piston and cylinder where the greatest pressure is exerted.

The opposite pump 7 issimilarly actu ated by a cam member 10, but the actuated piston is permitted to move outwardly .by the springaction and to suck or fill the ylinder with oil taken f|'om 'tl1c pocketBO' through the ipe 19. a The upward movemerit of the'piston and the oscilllatingmovement ofthe connecting rod will cause. lhc cam 10 to force the piston in ainldlsi-harge theflcontents of the cylinder through the pipe 17 and port 18 to a point between the upper end 0 the piston and the cylinder where the side thrust or Pressure exerted upon the iston is greatest during the upward stro e.

It can thus be seen that a lubricant under pressure is delivered toeach side of the piston at'certain predetermined timed intervals during the reciprocal movement of the piston and at points between the contacting sur faces where the pressure happens to be greatest. The oil film thus Injected or forced between the contacting surfaces not only reduces the frictional engagement of the piston and cylinder but also reduces wear 'to a great extent. It, furthermore, permits 'a constant circulation of a given voluine of oil over and over again, vin this manner reducing the quantity required and also preventin it from entering, the firing end of the cylinder where it might carbonize and cause troubles as heretofore mentioned. 3

The action of the pump 22 and cooperating piston is similar to that described in connection with the cylinders 7 and 7". The

oscillating movement of the rod causes the headed endof the piston to engage thecam 32, thereby transmitting a reciprocating movement during each revolution which permits the piston to-take'in and discharge'a. given volume of Oil during each reciprocathat the compression of the oilingpiston in the cylinder 22, which causes aninjection of oil between the bearing and pin 3, takes place during the downward stroke of the pistonfor at the timed period whenthe pin andbearing are subjected to the greatest pressure.

amount of oil to be constantly admitted so as to make up for any losses due to the consumption or leakage of oil at different points. i a

By referring to Figs. 3. 5 and G it will be seen that a similar lubricating mechanism has been employedfor the purpose of oiling the crank plns. The force fcedcylin- -ders.40 and 41 are in this instance carried by.

the connecting rod and the pistons mounted therein are engageable dnrmg'ach oscillating movement of the rod with lugs 42' formed" on the interior of the piston. The two cylinders employed are. provided for liihricatingthc upper half of the connecting-rod crank pin bearings as. it i wellknown that the bearings aie'suhjcctcd tn pressure both on the up and down stroke lie The provision of the wipe feed H 30 and the oil cock 29 permits a sufficient ent is I 1. In a lubricating. oil feed for reciproof the piston. The pump'shown on the lefthand side discharges during the up stroke of the iston through a pipe indicated at 43, whi e the cylinder 41 on the right-hand side discharges through a pipe 44 during the down stroke of the piston. .The pipes 44 and 43 are connected at 45 with a pipe 46 which enters the upper half of the connecting rod crank pin bearings. Oil is in this manner introduced under pressure between the crank pins and bearings both during the up and down stroke, and this oil, when escaping, is collected in a drain ocket 47 formed in thelower half of the caring and is returned from this point through a suction pipe 48 which connects with the branch pipes 49 and 50, connected with the lower ends of the cylinders.

Strainers or filters, such as indicated at 51, of any suitable construction may be interposed on each pipe line to remove any solid particles which might be liberated through wear between the crank pins and bearings.

The-force feed cylinders with the connected pipes and valves constructed and mou'nted, as here shown, may be sufficiently small to prevent interference with "any of the moving parts of the remaining mechanism. It is, furthermore, possible to mount the cylinders either on the rod or on the istons, as shown, the action being the same in either instance.

The'materials and finish of the several parts of the mechanism are such as ,the experience and judgment of the manufacturer may dictate.

I wish it understood that'various changes in'the form, proportions and minor details of' construction may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims and that I do not wish to limit myself to the specific design and construction here shown.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patcating engines, a pair of pumps arranged within the piston on opposite sides of the connecting rod, conduits leading to and from the pump, and oppositely projecting cam parts carried by the connecting rod for operating the pumps on swinging movement .of the connecting rod.

2.'In combination with a cylinder, a reciprocatory piston therein, a connecting rod connected to the piston, and avcrank pin connected to the rod, a lubricant collection pocket provided in one of the bearing surfaces of'said parts, and a pump mechanism operable by and upon relative movement between the piston andfrod for delivering the lubricant from the pocket to a bearing sur-' face between said arts.

3. In a lubricating oil feed forreciproeating engines, a piston and itsconnecting rod, 9. pump cylinder extending inwardl from the piston toward the connecting rod: a plunger in the cylinder operable by the rod, an inlet conduit leadmg" from the periphery of the piston in one side of the pump cylinder, and an outlet leading from the opposite side of the pump cylinder to the periphery of the piston.

4. In a lubricating oil feed for reciprocatmg engines, a piston, a connecting rod, a pair of oil pumps arranged on opposite sides of one of the aforesaid elements, and a pair of cams carried by the other of said elements and engaging the pump plungers for. operat-- ing the latter on sidewise movement of the connecting rod.

5. The combination with a cylinder and a piston reciprocally inounted therein, the piston pin, the crank pin, and the connecting rod of an internal combustion engine, of a plurality of pumps intermittently actuated by the piston movement for delivering a lubricant under presure between the pins and the connecting rod bearings and between the plstons and cylinder walls.-

6. The combination with a cylinder and a piston reciprocally mounted therein, the piston pin, the crank pin, and the connecting rod of an internal combustion engine, of a movement thereof in'o eratin the pump.

8. .In. a lubricating o1l feed or reciprocating engines, a piston and its connecting rod,

a cam carried by one of said elements, -and-3r horizontally disposed oil pump carried by the other element with its plunger engaging the cam.

9. In a lubricating oil feed for reciprocating engines, a piston and its connecting rod, a pair of oppositely extending cams on the rod'adjacent its connection with the piston,

and a pair of inwardly extending oil pumps,

integrally formed on the interior of the cylinder and having spring pressed plungers engaging the cams.

10. In a lubricating oil feed for reciprocating engines, an oil pump operable through the relative movement of the piston and its connecting rod, and means for supplying oil to the pump including a fixed gravity feed" anda drip cup connected with the oil pump and positioned to wipe the underside of the gravity feed on operation of the piston.

11. eating engines,a piston, a connecting rod, an oil pum carried by the rod for force-feedmg a 1n ricant to a bearing surface and including a spring retracted plunger, and" a transversely extending cam. projecting inwardly from the inner wallof the iston and alongside the rod to operate tie pump plunger on sidewise movement of the connecting rod.

eating engines, a piston and its connecting rod, a pair of inwardly extending lugs on the inner wall of the piston, and a pair of longitudinally arranged oil pumps on the connecting rod having their plungers constantly and directly engaging the lugs for being operated thereby'on 'sidewise move ment ofthe rod. 7 V a. I

13. In combination, a-reciprocatory piston, a connecting rod pivoted thereto, a cylinder for the piston, a crank shaft connected with the connecting rod, a force 'feedmechanism for lubricating a bearing surface between two of said elements, means for collecting the superfluous oil from the bearing surface andreapplying it to the same, adrlp cup on the connecting rod, and a wipe feed arn a lubricating oil feed for recipro-i 12.111 a lubricating oil feed .for recipro- 15. 'In a In ricating oil feed for reciprorating engines, a piston and its connecting rod, a pump cylinder extending inwardly from the piston toward the connecting rod, a plunger in the cylinder operable by the rod, an inlet conduit leading from the periphery of the piston to the pump cylinder, an outlet leading from the latter to the periphery of the piston,- a cam opposing the oylinderand carried bythe piston for opcrating the plunger, and spring means holding the plunger against the cam.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. p I FRED L. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses: V I FRANCES V. Conn, Joan H. Hmmmo. 

